Final answer:
The settlers had to participate in the Homestead Act for five years before they were granted full ownership of the land.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Homestead Act required settlers to participate in the program for five years before they were granted full ownership of the land. During this time, the settlers were required to improve the land by clearing a few acres, building homes or barns, and maintaining livestock. As long as the settlers met these requirements within the five-year period, they would become the full owners of the 160-acre parcel of land.