Question

Which of the following most accurately describes the development of reservation policy?

Answer 1

The development of reservation policy in the United States involved a shift from removing Native Americans from their lands to assimilating them into mainstream society. This policy went through several phases, including the establishment of reservations, reduced funding, and ultimately termination. However, termination was unsuccessful, leading to a renewed focus on Native American self-governance and revitalization of life on the reservations.

Step-by-step explanation:

The development of reservation policy in the United States went through several phases. Prior to the 1880s, the government policies involved removing Native Americans from their lands and acquiring their land through treaties or forced removals. Then, in the late 1880s, the policy shifted to assimilating Native Americans into mainstream American society. This new approach involved establishing reservations for tribes, but over time, the reservations became smaller and the government sought to reduce funding for them. This eventually led to the policy of termination, which aimed to end federal recognition of tribes and assimilate Native Americans completely. However, termination failed, and a campaign to strengthen Native American self-governance and revitalize reservation life replaced it.

Answer 2

The development of reservation policy involved the implementation of affirmative action measures to provide opportunities for historically marginalized communities in areas such as education and employment.

Step-by-step explanation:

The reservation policy, primarily in India, underwent a progressive evolution. Originating in the pre-independence era with limited affirmative action, it gained momentum post-independence. Initially aimed at addressing the socio-economic disparity faced by Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, it expanded to include Other Backward Classes (OBCs). Over time, this policy extended beyond government jobs to educational institutions, ensuring representation through quotas and reservations.

Debates arose regarding the effectiveness and impact on meritocracy, yet the policy persisted as a means of addressing historical injustices and promoting social inclusion. It underwent periodic revisions, adapting to socio-political changes and addressing emerging needs. This policy continues to evoke discussions on its efficacy, with ongoing efforts to balance equal opportunities with the uplifting of historically disadvantaged communities.