Final answer:
Many projects exceed construction designers' budget and completion dates because of unforseen problems during the excavation and construction of their foundations and structures.
Step-by-step explanation:
Complex engineering problems require extensive collaboration and resources, often involving governments, corporations, or other organizations to supply labor and materials.
Additionally, the design process is critical—starting with research, moving through detailed design work, to the final implementation. Poor design decisions early on can result in failure to meet customer needs or budgets.
Moreover, while working on a project, designers and engineers must remain flexible to adapt to unforeseen challenges, with an ability to manage multiple tasks and deadlines within the broader societal structures.
To successfully complete large-scale projects, the process often involves negotiations, understanding of technical capabilities, securing government support, and meticulous planning in the face of complex social and environmental factors.