Final answer:
Yellow bone marrow is involved in the storage of energy and contains adipose tissue, whereas red bone marrow is responsible for the production of blood cells through hematopoiesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Yellow bone marrow is called so due to its yellowish color because it contains a high number of adipocytes (fat cells). It plays a crucial role in the storage of energy in the form of triglycerides within these fat cells. This energy reserve can be mobilized and used by the body when needed. Conversely, red bone marrow is involved in the process of hematopoiesis, which is the production of blood cells including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Both types of marrow have distinct and important functions within the skeletal system.