Final answer:
Hyperplasia is the abnormal increase in cell number in response to a stimulus, while neoplasia is the abnormal growth of cells due to genetic changes. Necrosis is cell death in a specific area, and repair is the process of replacing damaged cells with new ones.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hyperplasia is the abnormal increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue due to an increase in the rate of cell division. This can occur in response to a prolonged external stimulus. For example, the growth of calluses on the hands of a person who regularly lifts weights.
Neoplasia refers to the abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells. It is characterized by genetic changes that favor the growth of a single population of cells. Neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Necrosis refers to the death of cells in a specific area. It can be caused by various factors such as infection, trauma, or lack of blood supply to the area.
Repair is the process whereby new cells are formed to replace worn-out or damaged cells. It involves the regeneration of tissue by fibroblasts depositing collagen and the replacement of damaged or dead cells by adult stem cells.