Final answer:
The correct answer is (d) All of the above, as a pure object-oriented programming language must support encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. These are essential to the OOP paradigm.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is option (d) All of the above. A pure object-oriented programming language is one that adheres to the four main principles of object-oriented programming (OOP): encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. While the question does not list abstraction, it's generally accepted as a fundamental principle along with the other three.
Encapsulation ensures that the internal representation of an object is hidden from the outside to safeguard against unauthorized access. Inheritance allows a new class (derived class) to inherit the properties and methods of another class (base class). Meanwhile, polymorphism permits objects to be treated as instances of their parent class rather than their actual class, enabling multiple objects to be accessed through the same interface, typically through the mechanism of method overriding.
A programming language must support all three features - encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism - to be considered a pure object-oriented programming language.
Encapsulation is the process of hiding the internal details of an object and only exposing the necessary information through methods. It helps in maintaining data integrity and security.
Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and behaviors from another class, creating a hierarchy of classes. It enables code reuse and promotes an organized structure.
Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. It allows different objects to respond to the same message in different ways, providing flexibility and extensibility.