Final answer:
Compound X is an alkene with a four-carbon chain known as butene that reacts with benzenesulphonyl chloride in a sulphonation reaction to yield compound Y with a sulfonyl group.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student asked about the compound X(CH₂)₄ that reacts with benzenesulphonyl chloride to give Y(CH₂NO₂S)₃. The question specifies that the compound X is an alkene.
Alkenes are hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon double bond. In organic chemistry reactions, an alkene can react with benzenesulphonyl chloride in a sulphonation reaction to introduce a sulfonyl group into the compound. The reaction hints that X has a four carbon chain (butene) since the resultant compound has a notation of four carbon atoms between the substituents, i.e., (CH₂)₄.
Considering the understanding that benzenesulphonyl chloride typically reacts with compounds containing active hydrogen atoms such as amines or alcohols, we can deduce that X likely contains such a hydrogen atom that can be replaced by the benzenesulphonyl group.