Final answer:
D-glucose treated with bromine water oxidizes to form gluconic acid with the IUPAC name 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid.
Step-by-step explanation:
When D-glucose is treated with bromine water, it undergoes oxidation and forms gluconic acid as the primary product. The reaction involves the oxidation of the aldehyde group (-CHO) at the C-1 position of glucose to a carboxylic acid group (-COOH). D-Glucose in its cyclic form has an -OH group below the glucose rings, and this reaction does not significantly affect the structural configuration at the anomeric carbon since the oxidation occurs at the aldehyde forming the ring.
The structure of gluconic acid retains the original hexagonal shape of glucose as the remaining -OH groups and other carbon atoms keep their position. The IUPAC name for the gluconic acid formed is 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid.
This oxidation reaction is of some importance since it forms the basis for some biochemical assays which use bromine water or other oxidizing agents to quantify the amount of glucose present in a sample.