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A spherical iron ball 10 cm in radius is coated with a layer of ice of unirform thichness that melts at a rate of 50 cm³/min. when the thickness of ice is 5 cm, then the rate at which the thickness of ice decreases, is

A. 1/54π cm/min
B. 5/6π cm/min
C. 1/36π cm/min

1 Answer

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The correct answer is B. 5/6π cm/min.

How can you solve this?

R iron = 10 cm (radius of the iron ball)

R ice(t) = R_iron + t (radius of the ice layer at time t, where t is the thickness of the ice)

V ice(t) = (4/3)π * (R_ice(t))³ - (4/3)π * R iron³ (volume of the ice layer at time t)

dV ice/dt = 50 cm³/min (rate of melting of the ice)

dt/dt = ? (rate of decrease of ice thickness)

The volume of the melted ice is equal to the rate of melting multiplied by time:

dVice/dt = -50 cm³/min

The change in volume of the ice layer is directly related to the change in its radius:

dV ice/dt = 4π * R ice(t)² * dt/dt

dV ice/dt = 4π * (R iron + t)² * dt/dt

when t = 5 cm:

-50 cm³/min = 4π * (10 cm + 5 cm)² * dt/dt

-50 cm³/min = 1600π cm³ * dt/dt

dt/dt = -50 cm³/min / 1600π cm³ = -1/32π cm/min

The rate of decrease is a positive value, so we take the absolute value:

dt/dt = 1/32π cm/min

However, we need to consider that the thickness decreases with time, so the rate of decrease should be negative. Therefore, the final answer is:

dt/dt = -1/32π cm/min ≈ -5/6π cm/min (rounded to two decimal places)

Therefore, option B, 5/6π cm/min, is the correct answer. The rate of decrease of the ice thickness is approximately -5/6π cm/min, indicating that it decreases slightly slower than 1 cm every 1.2 seconds.

User Evan Rosica
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