Final answer:
c. expert system. Expert systems use AI to emulate the decision-making abilities of human experts, and are a part of knowledge-based systems.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is option c. expert system. An expert system is a computer program that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to simulate the decision-making abilities of a human expert. It is designed to solve complex problems by reasoning through bodies of knowledge, represented mainly as if-then rules rather than through conventional procedural code.
The expert system is part of a larger category of AI known as knowledge-based systems.
Expert systems are used in various fields, including medicine, engineering, finance, and more. They are particularly useful in situations where the expertise is not readily available, or where humans need support in their decision-making process.
An expert system consists of a knowledge base, which contains the domain knowledge, an inference engine, which applies the rules to the known facts to deduce new facts, and a user interface.
Alternative options such as human logic, expert reason, and personal information do not correspond to the standard terminology used in the context of artificial intelligence for a program that simulates human thought processes.