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Which hypersensitivity reaction would the nurse suspect in a client who underwent a tuberculin test 2 days ago who reports itching?

A) Type I (Immediate) hypersensitivity
B) Type II (Cytotoxic) hypersensitivity
C) Type III (Immune complex) hypersensitivity
D) Type IV (Delayed) hypersensitivity

1 Answer

4 votes

Final answer:

Type IV (Delayed) hypersensitivity is the type of reaction expected in a client with itching two days after a tuberculin test, as it is a cellular-mediated immune response to prior exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The Correct Answer is Option .D.

Step-by-step explanation:

Among the types of hypersensitivity reactions, the one that is suspected in a client who reports itching two days after a tuberculin test is Type IV (Delayed) hypersensitivity. This response is a cell-mediated immune reaction involving sensitized T cells and macrophages that takes approximately one to two days post-secondary exposure to reach a maximal reaction.

It does not involve an immediate allergic reaction or autoantibodies, but rather a TH1 cytokine-mediated inflammatory response that can result in a localized reaction such as a rash or skin lesion. Typically, a positive tuberculin test showing a raised red area (induration) indicates previous exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a cellular immune response to the bacteria.

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