Final answer:
A missed dose of insulin is a primary suspected cause of ketoacidosis in a child with type 1 diabetes; febrile diseases can also trigger an episode. Symptoms include deep, rapid breathing and fruity-smelling breath. Treatment involves insulin and fluids.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nurse would suspect that the precipitating cause of an episode of ketoacidosis in a child with type 1 diabetes could be a missed dose of insulin. This can lead to an increase in the blood levels of ketone bodies due to the body breaking down fatty acids for energy instead of glucose, which cannot enter cells without insulin. Other possible triggers include febrile diseases, which increase the demand for glucose, as well as stress, infection, or other illnesses that may disrupt normal insulin use.
Symptoms of ketoacidosis may include deep, rapid breathing, fruity-smelling breath from the exhalation of acetone, dry skin and mouth, flushed face, and gastrointestinal distress like nausea and vomiting. Immediate management and treatment are critical, as ketoacidosis can progress to diabetic coma and can be fatal if left untreated. Treatment often involves the administration of insulin and fluids.