Question

A hospitalized client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse plans care for the client, understanding that which factors are likely causes of the beta cell destruction that accompanies this disorder? Select all that apply.

a. Viruses
b. Genetic factors
c. Autoimmune factors
d. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)
e. Primary failure of glucagon secretion

Answer 1

The destruction of beta cells in type 1 diabetes mellitus is due to factors such as viruses, genetic predisposition, autoimmune responses, and specific HLA types, rather than a primary failure of glucagon secretion. so, option e is the correct answer.

Step-by-step explanation:

The likely causes of beta cell destruction in a client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus are multifactorial. Key factors that contribute to the autoimmune destruction of the beta cells include:

1. (a) Viruses - Certain viruses can trigger or accelerate the autoimmune process that leads to beta cell destruction.
2. (b) Genetic factors - There is a genetic predisposition to type 1 diabetes, meaning that specific genes may increase an individual's risk of developing the disorder.
3. (c) Autoimmune factors - The immune system erroneously attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
4. (d) Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) - Specific HLA types are associated with an increased risk of type 1 diabetes, as they can affect how the immune system recognizes beta cells.

Option (e) 'Primary failure of glucagon secretion' is not a cause of beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetes.