Question

Show a basic implementation of abstraction in Python using abstract classes.

1. Create an abstract class in Python.
2. Implement abstraction with the other classes and base class as an abstract class.
a) Use the 'abstract' keyword to create an abstract class.
b) Use the 'virtual' keyword to create an abstract class.
c) Use the 'abstractmethod' decorator to create an abstract class.
d) Use the 'abstract' decorator to create an abstract class.

Answer 1

In Python, you can achieve abstraction using the abc module to create abstract classes and abstract methods.

Here's an example illustrating abstraction:

The Python Code

from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

# Method 1: Using the 'abstract' keyword to create an abstract class

class AbstractClass1(ABC):

abstractclassmethod

def method(self):

pass

# Method 2: Using the 'virtual' keyword to create an abstract class

class AbstractClass2(ABC):

abstractmethod

def method(self):

pass

# Method 3: Using the 'abstractmethod' decorator to create an abstract class

class AbstractClass3(ABC):

abstractmethod

def method(self):

pass

# Method 4: Using the 'abstract' decorator to create an abstract class

from abc import abstract

class AbstractClass4(ABC):

abstract

def method(self):

pass

In this example, we create four abstract classes using different methods provided by the abc module to declare an abstract method named method(). These classes can be inherited, and the method() must be implemented in their concrete subclasses, enforcing abstraction.