Final answer:
Frank bleeding of the rectum is documented as hematochezia, which indicates visible bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract, distinct from other types of gastrointestinal bleeding such as melena, occult bleeding, or hematemesis. so, option b is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a patient has frank bleeding of the rectum, the healthcare professional would document this finding as b. Hematochezia. Hematochezia is the term used to describe evident or visual bleeding from the colon, which can present as bright red blood mixed with stool or as a pure blood passage. This symptom can be an important indicator for conditions such as colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or other ailments affecting the lower gastrointestinal tract.
It is important to differentiate hematochezia from other types of bleeding such as melena, which is black, tarry stool indicative of bleeding higher up in the gastrointestinal tract, occult bleeding, which is hidden blood in feces that cannot be seen without testing, and hematemesis, which is vomiting of blood. Colorectal cancer may present itself with rectal bleeding and is often screened for using colonoscopy, a procedure that can also remove precancerous polyps. Regular screenings, including fecal occult blood tests, are recommended for early detection, especially for individuals over 50 years of age.