Final answer:
After Meiosis I, if a cell starts with 10 homologue pairs, there will be 20 chromosomes, with each of the two cells having one chromosome from each pair. Each chromosome at this stage still consists of two sister chromatids. This process contributes to genetic diversity through independent assortment and crossover.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a cell starts with 10 homologue pairs, the number of chromosomes after Meiosis I is 20. Each homologous pair is separated into two cells during Anaphase I and Telophase I of meiosis, resulting in haploid cells with one chromosome from each original pair. However, each chromosome still consists of two sister chromatids that are identical copies of each other (except for areas where crossover may have occurred).
During the initial stages of meiosis, specifically in Prophase I and Metaphase I, homologous chromosomes pair up and align on the metaphase plate. Here, the phenomenon of independent assortment occurs, contributing to genetic variation. This event, along with crossover, ensures that each resulting haploid cell is genetically unique.
Ultimately, after Meiosis I, the meiotic division has reduced the chromosome number by half, forming two haploid cells from the original diploid cell. These cells are ready to proceed to Meiosis II, where the sister chromatids will separate to form a total of four genetically distinct haploid gametes.