Final answer:
A Chi-square test should be used to assess the goodness of fit between observed and expected frequencies of preferred ice cream flavors in a class. The correct option is B. Chi-square test
Step-by-step explanation:
In the investigation of ice cream flavor preferences in a class with a hypothesis that postulates specific proportions for vanilla, chocolate, and strawberry flavors, one should use a Chi-square test to test the goodness of fit between the observed frequencies and the expected frequencies based on the hypothesized proportions.
A one-sample t-test is not suitable for this scenario as it is used to compare the mean of a single sample to a known value. A paired t-test is also not appropriate as it is for comparing means from two related samples. Similarly, ANOVA is used to compare means across three or more groups, which does not apply here.
The student hypothesizes that students will prefer certain ice cream flavors with certain proportions and wants to test this with a class size of 72 students. Based on this scenario, the appropriate test to use would be a Chi-square test (option B).
A Chi-square test is used to determine if there is a significant association between two categorical variables. In this case, the ice cream flavors and the students' preferences are categorical variables, and the test will analyze the observed and expected frequencies to see if there is a significant difference.
The correct option is B. Chi-square test