Final answer:
The false statement in question is (d), which incorrectly asserts that federal education spending is greater than state and local levels. In reality, state and local levels contribute far more to education spending. Other statements about federal spending and taxes also manifest misconceptions about US fiscal policy.
Step-by-step explanation:
When assessing the income approach of economic growth, certain statements regarding federal spending and its relationship to GDP can be evaluated for their accuracy. Specifically, statement (d), which proposes that education spending is slightly larger at the federal level than at the state and local level, is false. Education spending is predominately managed at the state and local levels and is significantly higher there compared to federal levels. This illustrates the distribution of fiscal responsibilities in the United States and highlights the substantial role that state and local governments play in funding education.
Other aspects of federal spending discussed in this context, such as false claims about defense spending being higher now than ever and misconceptions about the share of GDP going to federal taxes, exemplify common misunderstandings about the fiscal policy. Additionally, statement (h) about foreign aid being a large portion of federal spending is also false, considering it amounts to about 1% of federal spending, contradicting the exaggerated perceptions often held regarding this budgetary item.