Final answer:
The question pertains to the determination of candidate keys, identifying the strongest normal form, and decomposing a database schema into BCNF to ensure data integrity and efficient database design.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question focuses on the analysis and design of a relational database schema, determining all candidate keys, the strongest normal form of the schema, and its decomposition into relations in Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF). To determine the candidate keys, one must consider the given functional dependencies and look for attribute combinations that are not determined by any others (i.e., those attributes that identify a row uniquely).
After identifying all candidate keys, the strongest normal form can be determined by checking for violations of normal form rules, with respect to the functional dependencies. The highest normal form met without a violation is the schema's strongest normal form. Then, the schema should be decomposed into relations that meet the requirements of BCNF, in which every determinant is a candidate key, to eliminate redundancy and update anomalies.
Decomposing a relation into BCNF involves removal of partial and transitive dependencies, ensuring that non-trivial dependencies are left with only super keys as their determinants. The process typically involves creating multiple tables, each with dependencies that conform to BCNF rules. This facilitates data integrity and simplifies database maintenance. While the process may seem complex, it is fundamental for efficient database design and operation.