Final answer:
Removing individuals from a population based on specific criteria, such as height, is known as a selection effect, which is an important concept to understand when seeking representativeness in data collection.
Step-by-step explanation:
Removing individuals from a class who are under 5'0" and over 6'1" is an example of a selection effect. A selection effect occurs when a subset is taken from a population based on specific criteria, which may lead to a non-representative sample of the general population. This is important to consider in various fields of study, including biology and social sciences, where an unbiased and representative sample is crucial to producing valid and generalizable results.
In biological contexts, this concept is relevant when considering evolutionary pressures and sexual selection, which can alter the frequency of traits within a population over time. In this example, however, the selection is not natural or sexual, but rather artificial based on a predefined criteria of height. Height data collected through such a selective process would not accurately represent the average height distribution and could lead to misleading conclusions.