Final answer:
Approximately 0.77 grams of 4-fluorophenol will be extracted into the 5.00 mL portion of 1-octanol from the aqueous solution, based on the given distribution coefficient of 3.35.
Step-by-step explanation:
The distribution coefficient (K) for 4-fluorophenol between 1-octanol and water is 3.35. This means that for every 3.35 grams of 4-fluorophenol in 1-octanol, there will be 1 gram of 4-fluorophenol in water at equilibrium.
To find out how many grams of 4-fluorophenol get extracted into 1-octanol, you can set up the equation:
K = (mass in 1-octanol)/(mass in water)
3.35 = (mass in 1-octanol)/(1.00 gram - mass in 1-octanol)
To solve for the mass extracted into 1-octanol, you first cross-multiply and get:
3.35 - 3.35 × (mass in 1-octanol) = (mass in 1-octanol)
You simplify and solve:
3.35 = 4.35 × (mass in 1-octanol)
(mass in 1-octanol) = 3.35 / 4.35 ≈ 0.77 grams
Therefore, approximately 0.77 grams of 4-fluorophenol will be extracted into the 5.00 mL portion of 1-octanol.