Final answer:
Elected members of the Lower House of the Parliament, i.e., the Lok Sabha in India, have the right to vote in the elections to both the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
Step-by-step explanation:
The individuals who have the right to vote in the elections to both the Lok Sabha (Lower House of the Parliament) and Rajya Sabha (Upper House of the Parliament) in India are the elected members of the Lower House of the Parliament, which is option a. The Lok Sabha members are directly elected by the citizens of India through a democratic process. Meanwhile, the Rajya Sabha members are elected indirectly by the elected members of the State Legislative Assemblies, and not by the members of Lok Sabha.
In various democratic systems around the world, different practices are seen concerning voting rights. For instance, in the United States, popular election decides the members of the House of Representatives, while the election of senators was historically done by state legislatures, a practice which has since been changed. Contrastingly, in places like the National People's Congress in China, the election process involves several layers of voting with the national legislature being elected by provincial-level legislatures. These provincial representatives are, in turn, elected by lower levels of assemblies.
Understanding these processes is essential to grasp the complex nature of democratic elections and the variations in voting rights and responsibilities in different countries.