Final answer:
Standard marketing channels through which information flows are mostly (a) from manufacturers to distribution centers and (d) from customers to stores. Options (b) and (c) are less about information flow; (b) involves goods return flow, and (c) typically doesn't involve direct consumer interaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The standard marketing channels through which information flows include:
- From manufacturers to distribution centers: This channel involves the movement of goods from those who create them to the places where they are stored before being shipped to retailers.
- From stores to distribution centers: This is not typically a standard channel for the flow of information, but rather for the reverse flow of goods, such as returns from customers.
- From suppliers of raw materials to consumers: This channel is indirect as consumers usually do not receive information directly from the raw material suppliers but through the manufacturers and retailers.
- From customers to stores: This channel involves consumer feedback, preferences, and purchasing patterns that are communicated back to the retail stores.
Therefore, the standard marketing channels from the options provided are (a) and (d). Option (c) often skips direct consumer interaction, and option (b) involves the flow of goods rather than information.