Final answer:
The correct answer is C, which states that intelligence shouldn't be described as a single factor. This view is consistent with theories like Gardner's multiple intelligences and Cattell's crystallized and fluid intelligence that argue for a multifaceted understanding of cognitive abilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
Intelligence can't be effectively described as a single factor. This aligns with multiple theories of intelligence that recognize the multifaceted nature of cognitive abilities, including Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, Cattell's distinction between crystallized and fluid intelligence, and debates surrounding the components and measurement of intelligence.
Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences posits that there are at least eight distinct intelligences, branching out beyond traditional measures of intelligence. Similarly, Cattell's theory breaks down intelligence into crystallized and fluid components. Both theories, alongside the work of others such as Sternberg and Goleman on emotional and practical intelligence, suggest that intellectual capacities are diverse and cannot be condensed into a single general intelligence factor (g).
Consequently, this understanding challenges the use of traditional IQ tests as the sole measure of an individual's intelligence, suggesting that these assessments may not capture the full scope of a person's cognitive abilities.