Final answer:
The Presentation Layer is responsible for data formatting and translation in network communications, conforming to the OSI model.
Step-by-step explanation:
The layer that handles data formatting and translation in a computer network is the Presentation Layer. This is the sixth layer of the seven-layer OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model, which is a conceptual framework used to understand and implement networking protocols. The Presentation Layer ensures that the data transmitted from the application layer of one system is readable by the application layer of another system, irrespective of any differences in data representation between them.
One of the primary functions of this layer includes data encryption and decryption for secure data transfer. Additionally, it manages data compression and carries out translations necessary to provide a consistent interface for communication between heterogeneous systems. For example, if one system uses ASCII and another uses EBCDIC code, the Presentation Layer would convert these data formats so that the information can be understood on both sides. It serves as the translator in the networking process.