Final answer:
The correct climate type experiencing low precipitation all year and dominated by continental tropical (cT) air masses is the dry midlatitude (e), which corresponds to the Type B climate classification that includes dry regions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The climate type that experiences low precipitation all year and is dominated by cT (continental tropical) air masses is known as the dry midlatitude climate. This climate falls under the Type B classification, which encompasses arid climates. Regions with a dry midlatitude climate, such as desert areas in the mid-latitudes, are characterized by low rainfall and are influenced by continental air masses that originate over land and tend to be dry.
Type B climates, such as the dry midlatitude, vary significantly in terms of daytime and nighttime temperatures due to the lack of moisture in the air, which would otherwise regulate the temperature. These regions have fewer trees and can range from sandy deserts to grasslands or steppes. Given the dominion of cT air masses and the low precipitation levels throughout the year, the correct answer is the dry midlatitude (e).