Final answer:
The first camera-like invention was created by a French scientist, and 'camera' in Latin means 'dark chamber'. This relates to the camera obscura used during the Renaissance to project images through a small hole in a dark space.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first invention resembling a camera was created not by an American, British, or Iraqi scientist, but by a Frenchman. The camera obscura, which means 'dark chamber' in Latin, was a principle used by Renaissance artists to project upside down images from outside a darkened box or room through a small hole. However, it was French inventor Joseph Nicéphore Niépce who, in the 19th century, created a light-sensitive surface, marking the birth of photography as we know it.
The correct answer to the student's question is thus: c. (1) French scientist; (2) dark room. Camera is Latin for 'dark chamber', which reflects the principle behind the camera obscura and the basis of early photography.