Final answer:
The dose of aspirin of 5.0mg per kilogram is adjusted according to body weight, meaning that the amount of aspirin administered depends on the individual's weight. This dosage must be carefully calculated to avoid toxicity, especially in patients with certain medical conditions or those taking the drug to manage risk factors for heart disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the dosage of a medication, like aspirin, is described as 5.0mg per kilogram, it is adjusted according to body weight. This means that the total dose a person should receive is based on their individual body mass. For instance, a person weighing 70 kilograms would need 350 mg of aspirin (5.0 mg/kg × 70 kg = 350 mg). It is important to note that dosing may vary based on medical conditions, but it does not inherently increase with age. It is also critical to account for the potential risks associated with taking aspirin, such as gastrointestinal ulcers or decreased blood clotting, and to consult with a healthcare provider before initiating therapy, especially in individuals with risk factors for heart disease.
Unit conversion skills are essential in healthcare. For example, to administer 0.2 g (grams) of aspirin, one would need to convert grams to milligrams since aspirin is typically measured in mg. Since 0.2 g equals 200 mg, a nurse with 50 mg tablets would administer four tablets to achieve the desired dose.
The proper dosing of medication is a meticulous process to achieve therapeutic effects without causing significant toxicity. This is particularly true when adjusting dosing for adults where there can be great variability in body mass or for individuals with kidney or liver dysfunction, which can influence drug metabolism and elimination.