Final Answer:
The correct choice is affected by changes in temperature. thus the correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a hot air balloon ascends to a height of 600 feet, it encounters changes in temperature that significantly impact its behavior. As the balloon gains altitude, the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere decreases at a specific rate, known as the lapse rate. According to the adiabatic lapse rate, for every 1000 feet of altitude gained, the temperature drops by approximately 3.5°F. This decrease in temperature affects the air inside the balloon, causing it to cool down and contract. Consequently, the volume of the air decreases, causing the balloon to lose buoyancy and potentially descend unless heated by the burner to regain lift.
The ideal gas law, expressed as PV = nRT, demonstrates the relationship between pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and the amount of gas (n). As the balloon ascends and the temperature drops, the volume of the air inside the balloon decreases, assuming a constant pressure within the balloon. This change in volume affects the buoyancy of the balloon, necessitating adjustments in temperature through the burner to maintain altitude. However, the increase or decrease in atmospheric pressure is not directly influenced by the balloon's ascent to 600 feet but rather by broader atmospheric conditions.
Therefore, while the balloon experiences changes in temperature due to altitude gain, triggering alterations in the volume of air inside and affecting its buoyancy, it does not directly experience an increase in atmospheric pressure or require a constant supply of fuel for altitude control. Understanding these thermodynamic principles helps pilots navigate and control hot air balloons during ascents and descents, ensuring safe and controlled flights.