Final answer:
The most common adverse effect of anti-hypertension medication that may cause noncompliance is increased urination, especially with loop diuretics, which inhibit Na+ and Cl- reabsorption in the kidneys.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common adverse effect of anti-hypertension medication that can lead to noncompliance is increased urination, particularly with drugs like loop diuretics. Loop diuretics work by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions in the loop of Henle in the kidneys, resulting in increased urine output. Other antihypertensive medications like ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers can also have side effects that affect patients' compliance, such as cough (ACE inhibitors), fatigue (beta blockers), and swelling of the lower extremities (calcium channel blockers). Increased urination can be particularly troublesome for patients as it may disrupt their daily activities and sleep patterns, leading some to discontinue their medication.