Final answer:
ADHD is not directly associated with below-average intellectual functioning, but it is often comorbid with other learning disabilities which can affect academic performance.
Step-by-step explanation:
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. While ADHD is not directly associated with below-average intellectual functioning, it is often comorbid with other learning disabilities, which can impact academic performance. For example, anywhere between 30-70% of individuals with diagnosed cases of ADHD also have some sort of learning disability.