Final answer:
Ulcerative colitis typically presents with lower abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea, though it can also cause weight loss, fever, and anemia. Diagnosis is usually made via colonoscopy and biopsies. It's essential for patients to undergo more frequent cancer screenings due to an increased risk of colon cancer.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ulcerative Colitis Presentation
Ulcerative colitis is a form of inflammatory bowel disease that leads to inflammation and the formation of ulcers in the colon and rectum. The disease primarily presents through symptoms such as lower abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Additionally, patients may experience weight loss, fever, and anemia. Symptoms of ulcerative colitis tend to flare up intermittently with periods of remission in between.
Increased risk of colon cancer is a significant concern for individuals with ulcerative colitis, necessitating more frequent cancer screenings than the general population. Lifestyle changes, such as reducing the consumption of animal protein and alcohol, may improve symptoms. Medications include anti-inflammatory drugs and immune system suppressants. In severe cases, surgery to remove the colon and rectum can provide a cure.
Diagnosis of ulcerative colitis is typically confirmed with a colonoscopy and tissue biopsies. It is important to monitor for the disease because of its genetic links and the unclear nature of its causes, which may include immune system dysfunction, changes in gut bacteria, and certain lifestyle factors.