Final answer:
Fertility awareness methods, also known as natural family planning (FAM), involve estimating the most fertile days of the menstrual cycle and avoiding unprotected vaginal intercourse on those days.
Step-by-step explanation:
Fertility awareness methods, also known as natural family planning (FAM), involve estimating the most fertile days of the menstrual cycle and avoiding unprotected vaginal intercourse on those days. These methods rely on monitoring factors such as basal body temperature and cervical secretions to determine when ovulation is likely to occur. By avoiding intercourse during these fertile days, the risk of pregnancy can be reduced. However, it is important to note that FAMs have a typical-use failure rate of at least 20 to 25 percent, which means that they are not as effective as other contraceptive methods.