Question

In the plasma, Fe₂⁺ is oxidized to Fe₃⁺ by ferroxidase enzymes (e.g. hephaestin, ceruloplasmin) and requires Copper. What is the role of Copper in this process?

1) Copper acts as a catalyst in the oxidation reaction
2) Copper provides electrons for the oxidation reaction
3) Copper stabilizes the Fe₃⁺ ion
4) Copper prevents the formation of Fe₂⁺ ions

Answer 1

Copper serves as a catalyst in ferroxidase enzymes to facilitate the oxidation of Fe₂⁺ to Fe₃⁺, essential for transporting iron in the body.

Step-by-step explanation:

The role of copper in the oxidation of Fe₂⁺ to Fe₃⁺ by ferroxidase enzymes is as a catalyst. Copper-containing proteins such as hephaestin and ceruloplasmin facilitate this oxidation process. Copper acts catalytically to enable electron transfer during the oxidation, directly influencing the conversion of iron to its oxidized state without copper becoming part of the final product. This oxidation allows iron to bind to transferrin for transport to various body cells. It's important to note that in copper deficiency, this process is hindered, resulting in decreased iron transport and potential accumulation of iron in tissues that can lead to organ damage.