Final answer:
The perspectives in psychology that are considered approaches include Behavioral, Psychodynamic, and Biological, with each providing a distinct viewpoint on how and why individuals act and think the way they do. Philosophical is not a perspective in psychology but a separate discipline.
Step-by-step explanation:
The categories considered perspectives or approaches to psychology include the Behavioral, Psychodynamic, and Biological perspectives. Each of these provides a different lens through which to understand behavior and mental processes:
- Behavioral: This perspective focuses on observable behaviors and emphasizes the role of learning in behavior.
- Psychodynamic: Originating from the work of Sigmund Freud, this approach emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences on behavior.
- Biological: This approach studies the physiological, genetic, and developmental mechanisms of behavior in humans and animals.
Philosophical is not typically categorized as a perspective in psychology; it is a broader discipline that can encompass many theories about behavior, consciousness, and intentionality, among other things.