Final answer:
The calcaneus is the largest bone in the tarsus and is commonly known as the heel bone. It is one of the seven tarsal bones that make up the posterior part of the foot and is responsible for bearing body weight and providing support.
Step-by-step explanation:
The largest bone in the tarsus is the calcaneus, which is better known as the heel bone. The tarsus consists of seven bones that together form the posterior part of the foot. These bones include the calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuboid, medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, and lateral cuneiform bones. The calcaneus or heel bone is particularly important as it bears a significant amount of the body weight and provides support for the body during walking and standing. It rests on the ground and transfers the body weight from the tibia to the talus and then to the ground.