Final answer:
The membranes of ridges and grooves attached to the epidermis are the dermal papillae, which are extensions of the dermis that increase contact with the epidermis. These structures play a crucial role in the strong connection between the dermal and epidermal layers and are pivotal in creating unique fingerprint patterns.
Step-by-step explanation:
The membranes of ridges and grooves that attach to the epidermis are known as dermal papillae. These structures extend from the upper layer of the dermis, called the papillary layer, into the epidermis. The dermal papillae increase surface contact between the epidermis and dermis, which strengthens the connection between these two layers of skin. On the hands and feet, the dermal papillae form patterns that create fingerprints, which are unique to each individual and can be used for identification.
The papillary layer of the dermis is most closely associated with the stratum basale layer of the epidermis. This association is important as it aids in the exchange of nutrients and waste between the two layers and provides the basis for the rough surface texture associated with fingertips and the soles of the feet.
Hair structures also have specialized papillae known as hair papillae, located at the base of the hair follicle. The hair matrix, which contains a layer of basal cells, is responsible for the production of new hair cells and is closely associated with the hair papillae.