Final answer:
Mumps is caused by the mumps virus, a paramyxovirus. It causes swelling of the parotid glands along with other symptoms, but it is now rare in the U.S. due to effective vaccination with MMR. The correct option is b.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mumps is caused by a virus, specifically the mumps virus, which is known as a paramyxovirus. This viral disease targets the salivary glands, particularly the parotid glands, resulting in swelling and inflammation. Mumps transmission is typically through respiratory droplets or contact with contaminated saliva.
Symptoms of mumps can range from fever and muscle pain to more severe complications such as encephalitis, meningitis, and deafness. Despite these potential complications, mumps is now rare in places like the United States thanks to the effectiveness of the MMR vaccine.
The correct option is b.