Final answer:
All of the choices listed, including manual biochemical kit systems, mechanized/automated systems, and immunologic systems, are used as rapid methods of identification in clinical laboratories.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the clinical laboratory, rapid methods of identification of microorganisms encompass manual biochemical kit systems, mechanized/automated systems, and immunologic systems. These methods include various techniques such as phenotypic identification, which involves observable traits like metabolic and biochemical profiles; immunologic assays that rely on antigen-antibody specificity; proteomic analysis using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry; and nucleic acid-based methods like PCR for genetic disease diagnosis.
An example of a manual biochemical system could be the Biolog system, which is able to identify cells based on their ability to metabolize certain biochemicals and on their physiological properties. Automated systems might involve flow cytometry, where cell subsets are labeled using fluorescent antibodies. Immunologic systems could include enzyme immunoassays (EIA) whereby antibodies against bacteria are detected, or the use of Western blots to demonstrate the presence of specific antigens.