Final answer:
To stop the action of a chemical exfoliant, a neutralizer is used to halt the chemical reaction, typically by neutralizing the acid or base with a buffer. After neutralization, the skin should be rinsed with lukewarm water, and harsh astringents should be avoided.
Step-by-step explanation:
The product used to stop the action of a chemical exfoliant is commonly known as a neutralizer. A neutralizer is applied after the chemical exfoliant has been on the skin for the recommended amount of time or if any adverse reaction occurs. Its main function is to halt the chemical reaction induced by the exfoliant. This is achieved by neutralizing the acid or base in the exfoliant product.
For example, if the chemical exfoliant is an acid, a neutralizing agent might be a buffer with an alkaline pH to bring the skin's pH back to a normal level. Neutralizers often contain ingredients like sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), and it's important to use as directed by the skin care professional or product instructions. Following the neutralization, rinsing with lukewarm water is typical to remove any remaining product and residue. It is also advisable to avoid the use of harsh astringents or exfoliants which can further irritate the skin.