Final answer:
The highlighted structure can be identified based on its characteristics such as being surrounded by two phospholipid bilayers, containing genetic material for protein production, and housing the nucleolus where ribosomal RNA is synthesized.
Step-by-step explanation:
To identify the highlighted structure from options such as nucleus, mitochondria, ribosome, and endoplasmic reticulum, one must consider various characteristics of cell organelles. The nucleus is an organelle surrounded by two phospholipid bilayers and contains the genetic instructions for the production of proteins. It can be tentatively identified by microscopy due to its dimensions and appearance. Moreover, the RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in the nucleolus, a structure within the nucleus. Molecular analyses can confirm the identities of isolated organelles. For example, presence of DNA in the molecular analysis could indicate that the structure is a nucleus. Ribosomes are universally present in all life forms such as Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya, indicating a common origin. The endoplasmic reticulum (particularly the rough ER), provides a framework for ribosomes, and the smooth ER processes and ships proteins specified by the nucleus.