Final answer:
Temperature measures how fast particles of matter move, and acceleration describes the rate of change of velocity. Larger molecules move slower than lighter ones, and temperature and density affect molecular movement. Mass is the measure of an object's inertia.option a is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Movement and Molecular Behavior in Physics
The measure of how fast the particles of matter are moving is called temperature. This concept is fundamental in physics as it relates to the kinetic theory of gases. In this theory, temperature is directly related to the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. When it comes to the rate of change of an object's velocity, the correct term is acceleration. Acceleration is defined as a change in velocity over time. The movement of particles is influenced by their mass, temperature, and density. It is important to note that larger molecules move slower than lighter molecules, and increasing or decreasing temperature can affect the energy within the medium, consequently affecting molecular movement. Density is inversely proportional to molecular movement. Meanwhile, greater distance between particles slows the process of diffusion.
Finally, when discussing the properties of an object that quantify its inertia, mass is the correct measure. Inertia is a property of matter that describes its resistance to changes in motion, and mass is a direct measure of the amount of matter in an object.