Final answer:
Alexander Hamilton in Federalist Paper 78 characterized the judicial branch as the "least dangerous" and the weakest because it only has the power of judgment and lacks direct control over military and financial resources, unlike the executive and legislative branches.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Federalist Paper 78, Alexander Hamilton stated that the judicial branch was the weakest among the three branches of government. Hamilton referred to the judiciary as the "least dangerous" to the political rights of the Constitution because it had neither force nor will, only judgment. This entails that unlike the executive branch, which holds the sword, and the legislative branch, which commands the purse, the judiciary lacks direct control over the military and financial resources, making it fundamentally weaker in terms of actual power. Nonetheless, he emphasized the significance of the judiciary's role in interpreting laws and protecting civil liberties through judicial review.