Final answer:
The properties of a dynamic programming problem are Optimal Substructure and Overlapping Subproblems, which are essential for the strategy of recursion with memorization or tabulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The properties of a dynamic programming problem include Optimal Substructure and Overlapping Subproblems. These two characteristics are essential for a problem to be solved using dynamic programming techniques. An Optimal Substructure means that the solution to a given problem can be constructed from the solutions to its subproblems. Overlapping Subproblems indicate that the problem can be broken down into subproblems which are reused several times, making the use of memorization or tabulation effective in dynamic programming to improve efficiency by avoiding recomputation. Therefore, the answer to the question is 3) Both Optimal Substructure and Overlapping Subproblems.