Final answer:
The correct answer is b. Bourdieu's diagram does not include the notion that the poor and rich have the same capital. His theory distinctly highlights the disparity in economic, social, cultural, and symbolic capital between classes, which plays a fundamental role in social stratification and opportunities.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pierre Bourdieu, a notable sociologist, meticulously examined how various forms of capital, namely economic, social, cultural, and symbolic capital, affect power dynamics in society. He elucidated that contrary to the given choice, the poor and rich do not possess identical forms of capital. Bourdieu's conception of cultural capital is multifaceted; it encompasses material goods, non-material attitudes, and the knowledge specific to each economic class. This capital is categorized into three types: embodied (like a regional dialect), objectified (such as possessions), and institutionalized (academic credentials). In Bourdieu's framework, cultural capital plays a pivotal role in social stratification and the perpetuation of class structures.
Moreover, Bourdieu's studies revealed how the educational system reinforces social class reproduction by primarily rewarding the values of the dominant culture, hence affecting the opportunities available to individuals from varying classes. This extends to the critique of standardized tests like the SAT, which may measure cultural proficiency rather than intelligence, thus perpetuating inequality. It follows that symbolic capital, inclusive of honor, prestige, and recognition, is also bound up with these other forms of capital, shaping one's social status and influence.