Final answer:
Fiber optics is a method of transmitting light through fibers of plastic or glass using total internal reflection. It allows for the transmission of light signals over long distances with minimal signal loss and reduced interference. Optical fiber communication systems offer advantages over electrical conductors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Fiber optics is a method of transmitting light through fibers of plastic or glass using the principle of total internal reflection. The fibers are surrounded by a cladding material that has a lower index of refraction than the core, which prevents light from being transmitted between fibers. This allows for the transmission of light signals over long distances with minimal signal loss and reduced interference from adjacent fibers. Optical fiber communication systems offer advantages over electrical conductors, such as low loss, high bandwidth, and reduced crosstalk.