Question

1} DNA does not make copies until synthesis, so there would be only 1 of each piece in G1

2} during anaphase, the copies separate, so in telophase and cytokinesis, there is only 1 copy in each new cell

Answer 1

DNA replication occurs in the S phase before cell division, resulting in sister chromatids that separate during anaphase. Meiosis includes two divisions resulting in four haploid cells, while mitosis results in two diploid cells. No DNA replication occurs between meiosis I and II.

Step-by-step explanation:

Cell Division and DNA Replication

The question relates to the timing and processes of DNA replication and separation during cell division. DNA replication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle, prior to both mitosis and meiosis. This replication results in two identical chromatids, known as sister chromatids, which are held together by cohesin proteins at the centromere.

During meiosis, the process of cell division that produces haploid cells, there are two rounds of division: meiosis I and II. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes are separated into two cells. No DNA replication occurs between meiosis I and II because the chromosomes are already duplicated. A crucial distinction is that in anaphase of both mitosis and meiosis II, the sister chromatids separate, ensuring that each new cell receives only one copy of each chromosome after cytokinesis.

In contrast, during telophase and cytokinesis, the process of cell division is completed, creating either two diploid daughter cells in mitosis or four haploid daughter cells in meiosis II. Each new cell inherits a full set of chromosomes, comprising a single chromatid from each original chromosome, ensuring genetic consistency or diversity depending on the cell division process, mitotic or meiotic respectively.