Final answer:
Fiber optic transmission uses thin fibers for communication and relies on total internal reflection within the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Step-by-step explanation:
Fiber optic transmission makes use of thin fibers of plastic or glass to transmit light for communication purposes, such as internet, telephone, and cable TV signals. The transmission relies on the principle of total internal reflection, which occurs when the light enters the fiber and strikes the inside surface at an angle greater than the critical angle. The fiber's core has a higher index of refraction than the cladding surrounding it, ensuring that light is guided efficiently down the fiber.
Moreover, fiber optics have a high bandwidth and reduced crosstalk, making them ideal for transmitting large amounts of data over long distances with minimal signal loss. Fiber optic transmission occurs in the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, utilizing lasers with specific characteristics to carry signals efficiently.