Final answer:
Frederick W. Taylor conveyed his theory of scientific management through his book 'The Principles of Scientific Management', using time-motion studies to increase efficiency and promote systematic training. His theory, known as Taylorism, focused on maximizing employer profit and the best outcome for employees, though it faced criticism for potentially exploiting workers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Frederick W. Taylor, an engineer from Pennsylvania, articulated his theory through his seminal book, The Principles of Scientific Management, published in 1911. Taylor's work laid the foundation for the field we now know as industrial and organizational psychology, as well as human factors psychology. Taylor introduced the method of time-motion studies to improve workplace efficiency by breaking down tasks into measurable segments, arguing that management's principal goal should be to maximize profitability for the employer while also ensuring the best outcome for employees through systematic training and development.
One practical implementation of Taylor's theory was exemplified in his work with iron ingot handlers, where he demonstrated that including rest periods significantly increased productivity and wages while reducing company costs. This principle, commonly referred to as Taylorism, emphasized the elimination of unnecessary steps and motions in the production process. Despite the criticism for potentially exploiting workers and reducing their autonomy, Taylorism influenced both business and government sectors with its drive for efficiency and standardized work processes.