Final answer:
Mitosis is the process of cell division, consisting of the stages named prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mitosis is a fundamental process for life, ensuring that when a cell divides, each new cell receives an identical set of chromosomes. The mitotic phase is intricately divided into specific stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase, chromosomes condense and become visible. In metaphase, these chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
Anaphase sees the chromosomes pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell. Finally, during telophase, the nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of separated chromosomes. Following telophase, cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm, forming two identical daughter cells, completing cell division.
These carefully orchestrated steps ensure the even distribution of genetic material, crucial for cell replication and division across the body, excluding germ cells involved in producing eggs and sperm.